Address: “God is Not Good” (Second in series following “God is Good”)©

The Rev. Sarah Lammert, USR, October 7, 2007

 

The state of Maine has more coastline than any other state in our nation.  It meanders along hundreds of craggy peninsulas, and just off of one of these is the tiny island called MacMahan.  It is strictly a summer community, with 42 cottages, a penny candy store, an unassuming “yacht club” where the community gathers on Friday evenings for cocktails, and a lovely little Episcopal Church called St. Cuthbert’s named for a patron saint of shepherds and sailors.  Because the island community maintains a priest in residence, over the years many Episcopal clergy have fallen in love with the island and become regular vacationers there.  When I show up for the morning tennis rounds on the two brick dust courts at the center of the island, it isn’t unusual for the clergy to outnumber the lay folks present.

This summer, one of the lovely retired ministers on the island – a man who has devoted his entire career to serving urban congregations and doing outreach to children-at-risk -- told me his favorite sermonic story.  It seems that his father served in World War II in the army.  When he came home from the war, he brought with him an unusual souvenir – a belt taken form the body of a dead German soldier.  On the belt buckle were three words: Gott Mit Uns.  God with us. 

            Roger, my retired clergy friend, used this story often to warn his flock of becoming arrogant or righteous about their beliefs.  I use it here to illustrate everything I think is wrong with God and religion: its claims to exclusiveness, its justification of destructive, racist and authoritarian ideologies, and its ability to stir people to the heights of destructive fanaticism.  The “In God We Trust” that is found on every bill in your wallets carries the implication that God is on our side – the side of democracy, capitalism, America.  Such exclusive claims of divine approbation contain within them the seeds of destruction of anything perceived to be “other” and thus somehow godless, evil, and wrong.  How else could you explain the unfolding tale of torture used in our current “War on Terrorism?”  Gott Mit Uns may appear to be a statement of faith, but it twists the world and breaks it asunder.  It is easy to find evidence of how religion, and in particular how claims of being the owners of an infallible truth about God can pollute the human endeavor.  The Crusades and the Inquisition are only two examples of how, in the words of Sam Harris, “Christians have abused, oppressed, enslaved, insulted, tormented, tortured and killed people in the name of God…on the basis of a theologically defensible reading of the Bible.”  Christians are of course not alone in claiming “Gott Mit Uns” as a justification for war.  As if this weren’t enough, religion and God have also been used to justify the suppression of the human spirit – cry “heretic” and one can justify the killing of scholarship, the suppression of science, the muffling of the creative spirit, and the maiming of human sexuality. 

            The current role of religion in the public square in our own nation is frankly frightening.  The influence of the Christian right on our current administration has meant that stem-cell research has been severely hampered, a woman’s right to choose threatened, and an evangelical tone applied to the misguided War on Iraq, which generations to come will pay to price for.  I wonder if religion is behind the administrations unwillingness to sign the Kyoto protocol – why worry about Global Warming when we are heading into the End Times anyway?  One can almost understand how Christopher Hitchens, whose book God is Not Great inspired this sermon series in the first place, might call organized religion “violent, irrational, intolerant, allied to racism, tribalism and bigotry.” 

            We have, in fact a quartet of current writers and critics who have made God bashing a sport of late.  Christopher Hitchens may be the most entertaining of these, coming at the subject as he does with a lot of wit and a journalist’s eye.  He is joined in his loathing of all things religious by the scientist Richard Dawkins, author of The God Delusion, Sam Harris, author of The End of Faith and Letter to a Christian Nation, and finally Daniel Dennet, the professor of cognitive studies who wrote Breaking the Spell. 

            Each of these men has contributed to a thorough whipping of monotheism in all of its forms.  Some of you have told me that agree with everything they say in their books, while others have shared that they couldn’t finish the books because of the harsh and arrogant tone they all, perhaps with the exception of Dennet, take on with gusto. 

            In my opinion, while they point out many truths about the dangers of dogmatism in the religious sphere, they fail to notice their own dogmatism about the wonders of science and rationality.  At times they each cross the line and simply become sloppy and crass.  Harris writes that “most Muslims are utterly deranged by their religious faith.”  Dawkins and Hitchens denounce the religious education of children as child abuse.  Dawkins picks particularly on the Amish, writing sarcastically:

There is something breathtakingly condescending, as well as inhumane, about the sacrificing of anyone, especially children, on the altar of “diversity” and the virtue of preserving a variety of religious traditions.  The rest of us are happy with our cars and computers, our vaccines and antibiotics.  But you quaint little people with your bonnets and breeches, your horse buggies, your archaic dialects and your earth-closet privies, you enrich our lives.  Of course you must be allowed to trap your children with you in your seventeenth century time warp, otherwise something irretrievable would be lost to us: a part of the wonderful diversity of human culture.

            Dawkins loses me at this point.  Remember the horrible shooting in the Amish schoolhouse?  The Amish, who are committed pacifists, responded to this by reaching out to the family of the killer, declaring their forgiveness of the murders, and even setting up at scholarship for his children.  Surely their way of life could teach us something about the spirit of community, and living in a sustainable partnership with the earth, unlike those of us who drive cars and are addicted to our computers.  But they are religious, so for Dawkins, they are unworthy of our respect.

            I don’t think that aiming a poisonous pen in the direction of the Amish, Mother Theresa, the Dalai Lama, St. Francis of Assisi, and Gandhi will persuade people of faith to lay down the gauntlet of their beliefs, and replace their Gods with Darwin.  All religion is not bad, just as all science is not good.  One of the things Hitchens asks us to consider with a shudder, is a world in which the Inquisition had access to nuclear weapons.  This is indeed a frightening thought, but I have to wonder who he thinks developed the technologies of mass destruction – surely not even the worst Pope, Imam or Rabbi can be blamed for this.  It was science, and technological change outpacing our ability to think ethically about its implications that led to weapons that can kill millions with one push of a button – not religion.  If we are going to talk about the worst in religion, lets then talk about the worst in science, the worst in authoritarian politics, even the worst in the arts, which can be twisted to serve as propaganda and the means to stir up the masses in service of ideologies. 

            If the goal is to cut out a cancer that is polluting life on earth, why isolate religion and God alone?   Why not try to understand better where hatred comes from, and how it might be overcome?  What about ethnic violence, rape, material greed, selfishness, environmental damage, and ideological fanaticism that stands outside of religion, a la Pol Pot and Stalin?

            It has suddenly become a sort of vogue for science to study religion.  Neurologists are looking at whether a belief in God is hard-wired in the brain, and evolutionary theorists are looking to find an answer to the persistence of religion in the process of natural selection.  Since religion has often impinged on the realm of science, with the effort to impose the theology of “Intelligent Design” on public school science curricula providing only one recent an unfortunate example, I suppose scientists might be justified in their counter-incursions into the realm of religion. 

            Not long before his death Steven Jay Gould wrote an essay calling for a truce between religion and science.  He felt that the “net of science covers the empirical universe” while the “net of religion extends over questions of moral meaning and value.”  He urged respectful dialogue and “mutual humility” between these two realms, but was emphatic that each realm should remain separate.  Dawkins, in his typical caustic manner, accused Gould of carrying “the art of bending over backwards to positively supine lengths.  Why should we comment on God, as scientists?  A universe with a creative superintendent would be a very different kind of universe from one without.  Why is that not a scientific matter?”

            I don’t think we can completely separate science from religion, any more than we can separate economics from politics, or human nature from human nurture.  I think scientists should be able to comment about God if they want, just as theologians should be able to comment about science, but I wish that it could be done with mutual respect and mutual humility. 

            I fear uncritical claims that science is the salvation of humankind just as much as I fear religious demagoguery.  There is a place for rational discourse, but there is also a place for imagination, intuition, and spiritual longing and mystery.  I look at pictures collected by the Hubble Space telescope and I am truly humbled by the stunning beauty of our cosmos.  One doesn’t have to believe in a creator God, good, bad or indifferent, to be awed by images of the Orion Nebula, where thousands of stars are forming even as I speak, or of the Cat’s Eye Nebula, which is a dying, sun-sized star which looks like the eye of the universe shining through time and space.  One doesn’t have to be a traditional theist to see majesty in nature and feel a deep oneness with our world.  But beauty, love, wonder…these are things that move beyond the realm of cause and effect, and into something more difficult to taste, or see, or prove.

We are animals and something more, we humans, and it is difficult to capture the meaning of it all.  Writes DH Lawrence in Insouciance, written in 1928,

When it comes to living, we live through our instincts and our intuitions.  Instinct makes me run from little over-earnest ladies; instinct makes me sniff the lime blossom and reach for the darkest cherry.  But it is intuition which makes me feel the uncanny glassiness of the lake this afternoon, the sulkiness of the mountains, the vividness of near green in thunder-sun, the young man in bright blue trousers lightly tossing the grass from the scythe, the elderly man in a boater stiffly shoving his scythe strokes, both of them seating in the silence of the intense light.

If we actually could somehow imagine along with John Lennon a world with no heaven and no religion too, would it result in peace on earth?  If we could surgically remove religion and God from the story of humankind, past present and future, what would we gain, and what would we lose?  It’s almost impossible to say, of course, but along with the boost to rational inquiry and we would lose the inspiration for some of the most beautiful architecture, music, visual art, and poetry of the ages.  We would miss the impact of the Judeo-Christian scriptures on the law and society which arguably led to constitutional government, the establishment of hospitals and charitable institutions, and the proliferation of the written word.  We would lose lifetimes of devotion to higher principles of love, right alongside all of the release and relief we might gain from divinely inspired tyranny and oppression.  We might still be left to grapple with fanaticism in non-religious ideological forms, because this seems to be the shadow side of brotherly love and sisterly compassion. 

            It may be fun to bash God and religion, but I’m not sure what it gains us beyond a sort of catharsis for atheists who rightly feel oppressed by the dominance of religious believers in this country.  But beware the temptation to think oneself superior, treating others as intellectually less-than oneself, and blithely dismissing and disrespecting those who hold a faith different than ones own.  We all put our faith in something.  And, whether that faith is in science or nature or love or an omniscient, omnipotent being, holes can be poked in your faith just as easily as you poke holes in the faith of others. 

            “Imagination is an important part of reality.” Writes my colleague Charlie Ortman who serves our congregation down the GSP in Montclair.  “Its absence leaves us out on the outer rim of limitation.”  It might not be rational, for instance, to even imagine a world of peace, given the evidence.  There are something like 25 active wars in the world today, and while religion certainly plays its part, poverty and bad governance (corrupt, oppressive and arbitrary) top the list of factors that contribute to armed conflict.  But what we can imagine, might actually be.  If we can’t even imagine a world of peace, or the possibility of transcendence, or the reign of love, we lose the ability to nurture the sublime within us, to dream and create without limitation.  

            The God that Dawkins and company would deny is a childish, crass and life-denying God who ordains violence in his name, loathes true freedom, and demands single-minded loyalty expressed in empty rituals.  This is a bad God, and I don’t like him either.  As a critic writing for the Washington Post put it, “If this is religion, then by all means we should have less of it.  But the only people who believe that religion is about believing blindly in a God who blesses and curses on demand and see science and reason as spawns of Satan are unlettered fundamentalists and their atheistic doppelgangers.”

            The world is not black and white, and religion is not of necessity the enemy of science or vice versa.  If there is to be room for diversity of thought and belief it will require, as Gould suggests, respectful dialogue and mutual humility.